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Club of Saltillo + (American soldiers may have played … American soldiers may have played baseball in Saltillo in 1847. On January 30, 1847, Adolph Engelmann, an Illinois volunteer, reported: “During the past week we had much horse racing and the drill ground was fairly often in use for ball games.” [cited in Our Game blog]ames.” [cited in Our Game blog])
Excelsior Club of Baltimore + (An 1866 club called itself the Ex … An 1866 club called itself the Excelsior of West Baltimore. Baltimore American, Aug. 10, 1866.An Excelsior BBC played the Peabody for the city junior championship in 1867. Baltimore American, July 30, 1867.The Baltimore Daily Exchange, July 13, 1859, reports that in the past week the Excelsior BBC was formed, with W. D. Shurtz as president.This club may have been preceded in Baltimore by the "Urche" club. See McKenna, "Baltimore Baseball: The Beginning, 1858- 1872" the "Urche" club. See McKenna, "Baltimore Baseball: The Beginning, 1858- 1872")
Wright's Grove + (An 1868 image fsrom the CHS is in protopix. It was called Timothy Wright's Grove in the 1850s, after the co-owner of the Chicago Tribune.)
Alamo Plaza + (An 1869 game was played at the Arsenal Grounds. See San Antonio Express, Oct. 17, 1965)
Williams Hall + (An 1888 photo of Williams Hall and College Hall is in the MSU archives. See https://onthebanks.msu.edu/Object/162-565-2041/78-williams-hall-and-college-hall-circa-1888/)
In New Haven in 1843 + (An Etna Wicket Club of New Haven mentioned in NY Clipper, Nov. 21, 1857)
Peabody Club of Baltimore + (An Excelsior BBC played the Peabody for the city junior championship in 1867. Baltimore American, July 30, 1867.)
Irving Club of Williamsburg + (An Irving Jr. Club is mentioned in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 16, 1867)
Ivanhoe Club of Brooklyn + (An Ivanhoe (jr) Club of Bedford (Brooklyn) is mentioned in the New York Dispatch, July 8, 1866)
In Indianapolis in 1859 + (An ad for organizing a cricket club in the Indianapolis Star, July 26, 1864)
Club of Houston + (An article in PSOT April 27, 1861 says this club was formed on the 4th.)
Union Club of St. Louis + (An article on early St. Louis bas … An article on early St. Louis baseball in "The Sporting News" Nov. 2, 1895 says the Union Club defeated the Empire BBC 15-14 in Dec., 1859, hen lost to the Empire 15-14 on New Years Day, 1860. The two clubs played four times 1860-61, the Union winning two 53-15 and 30-17, and losing two 9-21 and 20-24. [ba]d 30-17, and losing two 9-21 and 20-24. [ba])
Cyclone Club of St. Louis + (An article on early St. Louis baseball in "The Sporting News" Nov. 2, 1895 says the Cyclones lost an early game to the Morning Star BBC 21-36.)
Star Club of Bloomfield + (An extensive article on the Stars can be found in Samuel Pierson, "Thumbing the Pages of Baseball History in Bloomfield" (1939). They played at "The Green, on a diamond situated just north of Monroe Place." [ba])
1821.7 + (An interesting aspect of this dra … An interesting aspect of this drawing is that there appear to be four defensive players and only two offensive players . . . unless the two seated gentlemen in topcoats have left them on while waiting to bat. One might speculate that the wicketkeepers are permanently on defense and the other pairs alternate between offense and defense when outs are made. Another possibility is that all players rotate after each out, as was later seen in scrub forms of base ball.Also note the relative lack of open area beyond the wickets. Perhaps, as in single-wicket cricket, running was permitted only for balls hit forward from the wicket. wicket. )
Hornie-Holes (also Kittie-Cat) + (An obscure poem reportedly recite … An obscure poem reportedly recited during this game seems to suggest it was played in Scotland. See Alice Bertha Gomme, The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland (London, D. Nutt, 1894), page unspecified. t; (London, D. Nutt, 1894), page unspecified. )
1858.7 + (An oddity: in a July intramural c … An oddity: in a July intramural contest, batter Bickham claimed 58 runs of his team's 190 total, while the second most productive batsman mate scored 30, and 5 of his 10 teammates scored fewer than 6 runs each. One wonders what rule, or what typo, would lead to that result.le, or what typo, would lead to that result.)
Aipuni + (Andrews' 1865 "Dictionary pf the … Andrews' 1865 "Dictionary pf the Hawaiian Language" p. 279 contains the following:"Ki-ni-ho-lo. s. kini and holo, to run. the name of a particular game of ball, similar to base ball."Other sources say the more common name for a ball game is kinipopo. [ba]r sources say the more common name for a ball game is kinipopo. [ba])
1851.2 + (Angus Macfarlane's research shows … Angus Macfarlane's research shows that many New Yorkers were in San Francisco in early 1851, and in fact several formed a "Knickerbocker Association." Furthermore he discovered that several key members of the eastern Knickerbocker Base Ball Club -- including de Witt, Turk, Cartwright, Wheaton, Ebbetts, and Tucker -- were in town. "[I]n various manners and at various times they crossed each other's paths." Angus suggests that they may have been involved in the 1851 games, so it is possible that they were played by Knickerbocker rules . . . at a time when in New York most games were still intramural affairs within the one or two base ball clubs playing here.>)
1851.8 + (Another game in Sacramento was covered in April of 1854. John Thorn suggests that "the above 'game of ball' may be inferred to be baseball (I think).")
Soak Ball + (Anson also mentions: "I longed .... to be playing soak ball, bull pen or two old cat..." during this time (schoolboy days--he was born in 1852 and raised in Marshalltown, IA).)
Alert Club of Washington v Unique Club of Chicago in September 1871 + (Any indication as to why the second game report for this African American club cites a score for 8 innings?)
Targette + (Any new evidence on the nature and extent of targette play?)
1855.19 + (Articles published later in the & … Articles published later in the New York Clipper, the Spirit of the Times, the New-York Daily Times, and the Brooklyn Daily Eagle announced the first appearance in print of 18 new clubs in the Greater NYC region during 1855.> announced the first appearance in print of 18 new clubs in the Greater NYC region during 1855.)
1853.7 + (As a way of teaching nature [each … As a way of teaching nature [each chapter introduces several birds, insects, and "wild plants"] this book follows a group of boys and girls of unspecified age [post-pubescent, we guess] through a calendar year. The bass-ball/rounders reference above is one of the few times we run across both terms in a contemporary writing. So, now: Is the author denoting are there two distinct games with different rules, or just two distinct names for the same game? The syntax here leaves that distinction muddy, as it could be the former answer if the children played bass-ball and rounders separately that [June] day. Richard's take on the bass-ball/rounders ambiguity: "It is possible that there were two games the party played . . . but the likelier interpretation is that this was one game, with both names given to ensure clarity." David Block [email of 2/27/2008] agrees with Richard. Richard also says "It is possible that as the English dialect moved from "base ball" to "rounders," English society concurrently moved from the game being played primarily played by boys and only sometimes being played by girls. I am not qualified to say."being played by girls. I am not qualified to say.")
Rockford Club of Rockford + (As listed in the Box score of the … As listed in the Box score of the Chicago game (Trib, 8-24-70), the Rockford nine consisted of:Armstrong, Graham, Williams, Winn, Wright, Abraham, Pender, Kingman and Thomas.Rockford had 83 "colored" residents in 1870, per the census.lt;p>Rockford had 83 "colored" residents in 1870, per the census.)
1828.17 + (As of 2018, we do not know the lo … As of 2018, we do not know the location, game type, or rules for this game.It is interesting that the man identified his position as short stop, perhaps indicating that predecessor baserunning games in New England had already developed skill positions' decades before the Knickerbocker club formed. efore the Knickerbocker club formed. )
In Wellington on 17 November 1888 + (As of 2021, we know of two earlie … As of 2021, we know of two earlier game reports of games in NZ.See [[https://protoball.org/Marton_Base_Ball_Club]] (1881 game).See [[https://protoball.org/Hicks-Sawyer_Minstrel_Co._side_1_v_Hicks-Sawyer_Minstrel_Co._side_2_in_November_1888]] (unsourced 1888 game).Lyttleton is a nearby port city. The Hicks-Sawyer "negro" minstrel troupe toured New Zealand and Australia 1888-89. This troupe had its own baseball club, which played numerous games against the local clubs. Cf. Sydney Referee, Aug. 30, 1888; Melbourne Age, Feb. 23, 1889; Adelaide South Australian Register, April 8, 1889; Broken Hill Barrier Miner, April 20, 22, 1889. [ba];South Australian Register, April 8, 1889; Broken Hill Barrier Miner, April 20, 22, 1889. [ba])
London Base Ball Club v Club of Delaware Township on 12 September 1856 + (As of April 2021 this game is also listed under "predecessor games." The Delaware is a club of Delaware Township, 10 km west of London,)
1874.2 + (As of February 2017, data on earl … As of February 2017, data on early ballplaying in the Chattanooga area are sparse. They include five accounts of soldierly play during the Civil War and brief mentions of area base ball clubs after the warProtoball believes "shinny" to be a game resembling field hockey and ice hockey, and not a baserunning game.Protoball has only two other reports of the game of "baste" in a Princeton student's diary in 1786 and in a biography of Benjamin Harrison on his teenage activities in the Cincinnati area. A good guess is that baste was a variant spelling of "base," a base ball precursor.The Cleveland Banner is a newspaper in Cleveland TN. Banner is a newspaper in Cleveland TN. )
1840s.31 + (As of Jan 2013, this is one of th … As of Jan 2013, this is one of three uses of "gool" instead of "goal" in ballplaying entries, all in the 1850s and found in western MA and ME. [To confirm/update, do an Enhanced Search for "gool".] One of these, at [[1850s.33]] uses "gool" as the name of the game. See also Supplemental Text, below.;Supplemental Text, below.)
1738.1 + (As of January 2023, this appears to be one of Protoball's ten earliest reports of ballplaying in the United States, and the third to appear in what is now New York City. It may be the first know legal action taken against ballplaying.)
Bete-Ombro + (As of January 2023, this is all we know about Bete-ombro. The second rule, above, would seem to distinguish it from cricket.)
1858.73 + (As of July 2022, Protoball lists over 260 base ball clubs from that era. Bruce Allardice adds, 7/30/2022: "the [Boston Post's] 25 number seems to come from the number of clubs that attended the 1858 convention.")
Bace + (As of June 2019, Protoball has only 3 references to “base,” one in the 1300s and two in 1805.)
1813.3 + (As of June 2022, Protoball is not aware of accounts of ballplaying in Hawthorne's works. For a reference to his note on 1862 ballplaying near Alexandria VA, see [[1862.47]]. )
1867.22 + (As of March 2021, this appears to … As of March 2021, this appears to be the earliest reference to a right -- in the form of special tickets -- to exclusive seating being bestowed to reporters. Peter Morris discusses press coverage arrangements in Morris, A Game of Inches (Ivan Dee, 2006), section 14.5.3, pp 403 ff. He cites two Henry Chadwick sources of press areas in June and August 1867 at the Brooklyn Union Grounds and then the Capitoline and Irvington grounds. then the Capitoline and Irvington grounds. )
Magnolia Ball Club of New York + (As of September 2014, we have no … As of September 2014, we have no evidence as to the playing rules this club employed. Thus, we don't yet know whether the game played resembled the Knickerbocker game, codified in 1845, or not. The depiction of stakes for bases, if accurate, might suggest to some that the game was related to what in 1858 was described as the Massachusetts game -- however, the Mass game then used overhand deliveries to batsmen. ;p> )
Slaball + (As of September 2017, we find no other mention of a game by this name in English-language web searches.)
Strike-Out + (As of Spring 2022, we are seeking … As of Spring 2022, we are seeking additional information on local "strike-zone-on-wall" games.One sees strike zones displayed on school-yard and other walls in many geographical areas.What names were used for such games in different areas? Did any involve actual base-running?Are such games known outside the US? Did most use standard tennis balls? such games known outside the US? Did most use standard tennis balls?)
1868.8 + (As of mid 2023, the Protoball Chr … As of mid 2023, the Protoball Chronology includes about 40 entries alluding to Rochester NY from 1825 to 1868. Nearly half have been generously contributed by crack Rochester digger Priscilla Astifan. Most of the games reported appear to be base ball-like games, but 8 refer to cricket, wicket and trap ball. Ten entries refer to soldierly play during the Civil War.Priscilla reported on 5/18/2023: "I haven't yet found any notice in the available newspapers of the game being played or not. But at least the intention was interesting." the intention was interesting." )
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Eckford Club of Brooklyn on 15 April 1862 + (As per the newspaper report, each side featured 10 players and five first nine players, per side. Sprague pitched for "Wood's Side." )
1830c.30 + (Ashtabula (1850 population: 821 s … Ashtabula (1850 population: 821 souls) is about 55 miles NE of Cleveland OH and a few miles from Lake Erie. The town of Jefferson OH is about 8 miles inland [S] of Ashtabula."The Sentinel" is presumably the Ashtabula Sentinel. ;is presumably the Ashtabula Sentinel. )
Brown Square + (Astifan, "Baseball in the 19th Ce … Astifan, "Baseball in the 19th Century" says Brown Square was the site of Rochester's first match game.Other early games were played at Jones Square, Franklin Square, and the Babbitt Tract.The 1860 Rochester map shows Jones Square bounded by Jones Avenue on the south, bounded by Schuyler on the east, about where the modern Jones Square is.Franklin Square in 1860 was on the east side of the river, bounded by Andrews on the south, Bowery on the north, and bisected by Chatham (north/south running street)."Mumford's meadow" was the site of a (predecessor?) baseball game c. 1825. See chronologies. The site of this meadow is shown in the linked-to pdf.eball game c. 1825. See chronologies. The site of this meadow is shown in the linked-to pdf.)
Gazelles Club of Evanston + (At a guess, this club played their home games on the campus, what would be known as "Oak Grove" or "University Grove" near the modern-day college library.)
In Burma in 1909 + (At a guess, this is the original … At a guess, this is the original of the note in Spalding's The National Game about American oil workers playing baseball in Burma. The Spalding phot collection, NYPL, has a photo of what may be this team, said to be employees of the Rangoon Oil Co., in "Yenamgyat, Upper Burmah." This location is probably Yenangyaung. This location is probably Yenangyaung. )
In Rochester in 1841 + (At or near Rochester)
1861.25 + (At the time the 40th was stationed at Camp Sedgwick, near Fairfax, VA.)
White Stockings Club of Chicago + (Attached image is that of Colonel Norman Gassette (1839-91), first club president, a prominent Chicago lawyer and politician. Club vice president was Willard F. Wentworth (1838-1910), a former city treasurer.)
University Base Ball Club of Chapel Hill + (Augustus W. Graham, son of former … Augustus W. Graham, son of former senator Graham, wrote his father on Sept. 10, 1867 from Chapel Hill that his university club defeated the Crescent of Raleigh "last Saturday" 54-36, for the championship of the state. See the Papers of William A. Graham, vol. 7 See the Papers of William A. Graham, vol. 7)
Club of Austin + (Austin had 4,051 residents in 1890.)
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Harlem Club of New York on 20 August 1859 + (Balls Pitched Pidgeon (Eckford): 44-28-28-24-51-15-10-30-65 - 295 Thompson (Harlem): 19-31-25-17-23-36-41-44-14 - 250 (E. Miklich))
Rough and Ready Club of Brooklyn v Baltic Club of Brooklyn on 15 September 1858 + (Baltic of New York? [ba])
Oakland Club of South River + (Baltimore American, Aug. 4, 1869)
1855.37 + (Barre MA (1855 pop. about 3000) is about 60 miles W of Boston. Hardwick, Hubbardstown, Oakham, New Braintree and Petersham are 8-10 miles from Barre. Poor Dana MA was disincorporated in 1938.)
1859.50 + (Barre MA (1860 pop. about 3000) is about 60 miles W of Boston and about 8 miles NE of Hardwick MA.)
Club of Barton v Club of Burlington on 9 August 1861 + (Barton is the name of the township Hamilton is in. See Club of Barton entry. [ba])
In Clinton Circa 1859 + (Baseball was played at Hamilton in 1860.)
Newark Club of Newark v Olympic Club of Newark on 13 July 1855 + (Based on current research, this a … Based on current research, this appears to be the first game played between two New Jersey clubs by New York rules. The two teams played previously on June 13th, but based on the available information, they didn't use New York rules. For this game, the short article and rough box score show nine players on a side and a 31-10 score. The total of 31 runs is in excess of the Knickerbocker's 21, but it may be that the Newark Club batted first and went beyond 21 before the side was retired. In addition a New York Clipper article, date unknown, said that the Newark Club won with "ten runs to spare" and there could also be a number of explanations why the game went on after the Newark Club scored 21 runs. The next potential game by New York rules between New Jersey clubs was the Newark Club's 27 - 19 win over the Newark Juniors on 9/5/1855. Here again there were nine players on a team and the score is closer to what we might expect by Knickerbocker rules.rbocker rules.)
Franklin Club of Detroit v Franklin Club of Detroit on 15 August 1857 + (Beaubien Farm was a cricket club grounds. A game reported in the Detroit Free Press Aug. 23, 1857 is of two 10 on 10 intersquad games, with the scores 21-11 and 21-19. )
Enterprise Club of Bedford + (Bedford was and is a neighborhood of Brooklyn)
1862.12 + (Beecher is here lauding exercise that is both vigorous and inexpensive.)
Pastimes Club of Richmond v Picked nine on 30 July 1867 + (Benefit game for the Masonic Educational Committee Fund. $115 surplus over expenses donated on 19 August.)
Everett Club of Hackensack + (Bergen County Democrat and New Jersey State Register, 7/6/1866)
Quickstep Club of Bergen + (Bergen merged into Jersey City in 1870.)
1856.25 + (Berkshire MA is about 5 miles NE of Pittsfield and about 10 miles E of New York state border. This may have been a wicket match. One wonders why a Friday match would have been held.)
1849.10 + (Beth Hise [email of 3/3/2008] rep … Beth Hise [email of 3/3/2008] reports that the wearing of colored ribbons was a much older tradition.Note: One may ask if something got lost in the relay of this story to Wisconsin. We know of no wicket in England, and neither wicket or cricket used nine-player teams.et in England, and neither wicket or cricket used nine-player teams.)
1859.73 + (Bill Hicklin, 10/5/20 points out … Bill Hicklin, 10/5/20 points out that "Militia regiments in that period, especially in major East Coast cities and in the South, were as much social clubs as anything, organized mostly to hold balls and banquets. Compare the New York volunteer fire companies of the 1840s. A 'Road Trip to New York' would have been right up their alley."Protoball had asked: Was it common for southern soldiers to travel to the north in 1859? Bruce Allardice: "This was not common. The cost was too great. The Richmond Grays were individually wealthy and could afford it. Drill competition between companies in various cities was common in 1859."From Bruce Allardice, 10/5/20: "The unit was a famous unit of the Virginia volunteer militia, its members being among Richmond's 'elite.'. Captain Elliott became a Confederate army Lt. Colonel. The unit served in the war as part [Company A] of the 1st Virginia Infantry CSA." Bill Hicklin, 10/5/20, adds that it fought "right through to Appomattox."Why the soldiers headed to a cemetery? Tom Gilbert pointed out, 10/5-6/20, that Green-wood Cemetery was even then a popular visitor attraction. "Green-wood cemetery in Brooklyn not only welcomed tourists but solicited them. The cemetery was designed with the goal of attracting the public. It imported the grave of Dewitt Clinton for that purpose. All of this predated the famous baseball grave monuments of course."From Richard Hershberger, 10/4/2020: "Richmond is rich with abortive early connections with baseball. In actual practice, baseball took off in Richmond in the summer of 1866, right on schedule for its location, regardless of prior contact with the game."Note: When base ball got to Richmond it really swept in: as of October 2020, Protoball shows no clubs prior to 1866, but 24 clubs prior to 1867. Some other Chronology entries touching on early base ball in Richmond include [[1857.36]], [[1861.1]], [[1863.99]], and [[1866.17]]. [[1866.17]]. )
1871.20 + (Bill Hicklin, 3/9/2016: … Bill Hicklin, 3/9/2016:"It's one of the commonplaces of the old origins debate that led to the Mills Commission that Henry Chadwick was foremost among those arguing that baseball evolved directly from rounders, and indeed he said so many times. In opposition stood those patriotic Americans such as Ward who claimed an indigenous heritage from the Old Cat games."med an indigenous heritage from the Old Cat games.")
Charter Oak Club of Jersey City + (Black Club)
Keystone Club of Jersey City + (Black Club)
Liberty Club of Jersey City + (Black Club)
Lincoln Club of Jersey City + (Black Club)
Oneida Club of Jersey City2 + (Black Club)
Oriental Club of Bergen + (Black Club)
Bachelor Club of Newark + (Black club)
1861c.3 + (Blair, whose grandfather was Lincoln's Postmaster General, lived in Silver Spring, MD, just outside Washington. Blair was born in 1858 or 1859.)
1809.1 + (Block adds: "Other games besides … Block adds: "Other games besides baseball, of course, could have borne the label Ball on that occasion, but none seem obvious. Cricket, football, trap-ball, stool-ball, golf, and various games in the hockey family ,including bandy, hurling, and shinty, all had a presence in the British Isles in that era, but there is no reason the passing multitude in London that day would have considered any of them a "novelty." nsidered any of them a "novelty." )
1850c.12 + (Block notes that the graphic is lifted by the same publisher's 1850 book, Frank and the Cottage).)
1755.3 + (Block points out that this diary … Block points out that this diary entry is (as of 2008) among the first four appearances of the term "base ball," [see #1744.2 and #1748.1 above, and #1755.4 below]. It shows adult and mixed-gender play, and indicates that "at this time, baseball was more of a social phenomenon than a sporting one. . . . played for social entertainment rather than serious entertainment." [Ibid, page 9.]William Bray is well known as a diarist and local historian in Surrey. His diary, in manuscript, came to light in England during the 2008 filming of Ms Sam Marchiano's award-winning documentary, "Base Ball Discovered." (As of late 2020, ITunes lists this documentary at https://itunes.apple.com/us/tv-season/base-ball-discovered/id385353782. Its charge is $10. Another route is <a href="https://www.mlb.com/video/base-ball-discovered-c7145607">https://www.mlb.com/video/base-ball-discovered-c7145607</a>)As of 2019 the diary was missing again -- Block tells the sad story in Pastime Lost (U Nebraska Press, 2019), p. 37. p. 37. )
1749.2 + (Block points out that this very e … Block points out that this very early reference to base-ball indicates that the game was played by adults -- the Prince was 38 years old in 1749, further weakening the view that English base-ball was played mainly by juveniles in its early history.The location of the game was Walton-on-Thames in Surrey. Comparing the 1749 game with modern baseball, Block estimates that the bass-ball was likely played on a smaller scale, with a much softer ball, with batted ball propelled the players' hands, not with a bat, and that runners could be put out by being "plugged" (hit with a thrown ball) between bases. ith a thrown ball) between bases. )
Havana Base Ball Club + (Bob Tholkes found an item in the Washington (DC) Evening Star, Sept.10, 1867: "The Havana base ball club challenged and played its first match with the Matanzas club on Sunday last, but with no result. Another game is to come off there to-day.")
Matanzas Base Ball Club + (Bob Tholkes found an item in the Washington (DC) Evening Star, Sept.10, 1867: "The Havana base ball club challenged and played its first match with the Matanzas club on Sunday last, but with no result. Another game is to come off there to-day.")
In Alexandria in 1842 + (Bob Tholkes wonders: Is "town ball" the southern name for "base ball?")
1869.13 + (Bob Tholkes' thorough 2016 paper … Bob Tholkes' thorough 2016 paper [cited above] throws welcome light on the nature of elite base ball in period immediately following the Civil War, a period also associated with the rise of "Base Ball Fever" during which local clubs, representing individual companies, affinity groups, etc., formed clubs, some of which playing at sunrise [as early as five o'clock AM], prior to the work day. day. )
1867.25 + (Bob Tholkes, 5/6/2021: "Bob Tholkes, 5/6/2021: "Didn't know there was a funeral announcement."Richard Hershberger, 5/6/2021: "I don't know of any report of the association meeting or otherwise showing any sign of life after the war."In a 5/9/2021 search, Protoball doesn't find one after 1866 either.Note: Protoball has an 1868 clipping of a throwback game (28 innings, score 24-23) played by Mass rules. See https://protoball.org/Clipping:The_Mohawk_Club_reverts_to_amateur. 3) played by Mass rules. See https://protoball.org/Clipping:The_Mohawk_Club_reverts_to_amateur. )
1860.38 + (Box score provided; it is consistent with the National Association rules. Assuming that "Alleghany" is an alternative spelling for "Allegheny," this game occurred in a town absorbed into Pittsburgh PA in 1907.)
Charter Oak Club of Jersey City2 + (Box scores confirm this is a white club.)
Active Club of Brooklyn + (Box scores of the Active Jr. against the Washington Market BBC (undated) can be found in National Chronicle, April 17, 1869 )
1621.1 + (Bradford explained that the issue … Bradford explained that the issue was not that ball-playing was sinful, but that playing openly while others worked was not good for morale.Note: From scrutinizing early reports of stoolball, Protoball does not find convincing evidence that it was a base-running game by the 1600s.nvincing evidence that it was a base-running game by the 1600s.)
1762.2 + (Brian Turner, 8/31/2014, notes that the wording of this order could be taken to mean that the game itself was seen as a form of cricket, and was not a distinct game. )
1851.10 + (British sailors played rounders on the ice in Melville Bay, Greenland, Aug. 20, 1857. See Lloyd, "The Voyage of the Fox in the Arctic Seas")
Savannah Base Ball Club + (Bruce Allardice adds this note on … Bruce Allardice adds this note on the social makeup of the Savannah BBC [19CBB posting of 2/5/2016]: "George G. Kimball was born in 1843 in ME, died 1923, attended Bowdoin (ME) College. Journalist.William Forrestal May (1845-1920) was born in CT.“Flanders”–only Flanders in 1870 Savannah a mulatto.Edwin L. Beard was born in NY c. 1840.Peter S. Neidlinger (1853-97) a clerk who was born in Savannah of German immigrants.Peter Schaefer (1841-1902) was born in Germany.Charles Rossignol (born c 1850) was born in GA, as was William Nungezer Nichols (1852-1930)Frank Wagner Dasher (1852-88) was born in GA, of NY parents.From the above, it’s pretty clear that the team was not highly gentrified but was at least half transplants."rents. From the above, it’s pretty clear that the team was not highly gentrified but was at least half transplants.")
Clipping:Traditional Easter Ballplaying . . . Where Fast Day Play was Born? + (Bruce Allardice notes that "town corporation" was a British term for what we would call a city council. )
Clipping:An interracial game + (Brunson, "Black Baseball" says this Albion Club organized in 1868, but presents no cite prior to 1872. [ba])
1850s.49 + (Buckland is about 45 miles north … Buckland is about 45 miles north of Portland.The ages of players is not clear.As of Jan 2013, this is one of three uses of "gool" instead of "goal" in ballplaying entries, all in the 1850s and found in western MA and ME. [To confirm/update, do an enhanced search for "gool".] One of these [[1850s.33]] uses "gool" as the name of the game.1850s.33]] uses "gool" as the name of the game.)
In Buffalo in 1856 + (Buffalo Evening Post, April 4, 1851 ran an ad about a meeting to form a cricket club. Same July 15, 1856 mentions a proposed Albion Cricket Club. Same club as the Amateur?)
1844.18 + (By "plebeian," the writer presumably meant "not upper-class.")
1860.83 + (By 1860, most Massachusetts Rules games were being played to 75 runs, instead of the 100 specified in the rules adopted in 1858. A match for the state championship was abandoned, unfinished, after four days' play.)
Hansong YMCA Team Club of Seoul + (By 1920 there was a Korea baseball championship. See www.projectcobb.org.uk)
Lawrence Base Ball Club of Cambridge + (Cambridge had 26,060 residents in 1860.)
1864.18 + (Camp Sedgwick was in northern VA. FORT Sedgwick was near Petersburg, and not built after the Battle of the Wilderness. [ba])
1861.19 + (Camp Seminary was located near Fairfax Seminary in Alexandria VA, near Washington DC. One may infer that the 2nd NJ remained at winter quarters in Alexandria VA at this time, providing protection to Washington. )
Sacramento Base Ball Club v Union Club of Sacramento on 22 February 1860 + (Can we determine Spalding's sources for this account? Is the game account clear that New York rules were used?)
Mechanics Ball Club of Waltham + (Can we determine if this game was played by Mass game rules?)
Red Rover Base Ball Club of San Francisco + (Can we discover more about this club's foundation, history, and fate? )
1857.30 + (Cannot confirm this source. The rules described appeared in the New York Clipper, October 10, 1857.)
1844.16 + (Canton, NY is about 15 miles SE o … Canton, NY is about 15 miles SE of Ogdensburg NY. Its population in 2000 was a bit over 10,000.Ogdensburg [1853 population "about 6500"] is about 60 miles [NE] down the St. Lawrence River from Lake Ontario. It is about 60 miles south of Ottawa, about 120 miles north of Syracuse, and about 125 miles SW (upriver) of Montreal.miles SW (upriver) of Montreal.)
Whitney + (Catcher)
Flour City Club of Rochester v Niagara Club of Buffalo on 3 September 1858 + (Caution: Protoball has them playing in Buffalo that day, with a different score.)
Bonafon + (Center Field. Also spelled "Bonaf … Center Field. Also spelled "Bonaffon" and "Bonnaffon" in other sources. The Nashville City Directory lists "FV Bonnaffin" as a clerk for the quartermaster at a railroad depot. In 1867, "F.V. Bonnaffon" was stationed under the Nashville quartermaster in Kentucky.der the Nashville quartermaster in Kentucky.)
Marion Club of Brooklyn + (Cf Marion Base Ball Club of South Brooklyn. [ba])
1860.6 + (Chadwick emigrated from western E … Chadwick emigrated from western England, and is reported to have been familiar with rounders there.His claim that American base ball had evolved from English rounders was long refuted by fans of the American game.In 1871 Chadwick identified Two-Old-Cat as the parent of American base ball. See [[1871.20]] [1871.20]] )
Was Baseball Really Invented in Maine? + (Chapter 1 deals with baseball in Maine from statehood well into the 20th century and he does tie some of the early stories to newspaper documentation.)
When Towns Had Teams + (Chapters 1 and 2 deal with early Maine baseball.)
Chatham Club of Chatham + (Chatham was known as "Chatham Four Corners" until 1869.)
Chicopee Club of Groton v Riverside Base Ball Club of Nashua on 19 June 1869 + (Chicopee of Groton (Senior club) Riverside of Nashua (Junior club))
1859.6 + (Chris Hauser, in an email on 9/26/2007, estimates that this notice appeared in the New York Anglo-African, and was referenced in Leslie Heaphy's Negro League Baseball.)
1840.16 + (Chron serial#1840.16 was formerly assigned to stories of Abe Lincoln's ballplaying as a young man; see #[[1830s.16]] for that item.)
1859.19 + (Cilley himself does not attribute the 1859 injuries to plugging.)
1857.17 + (Clark then cites "a well-traveled … Clark then cites "a well-traveled myth in the American baseball community . . . that the first baseball played in Australia was by Americans on the gold fields of Ballarat in 1857 . . . . No documentation has ever been produced for a Ballarat gold fields game [also page 5]." a Ballarat gold fields game [also page 5].")
In Clarksburg Circa 1850 + (Clarksburg had 895 residents in 1860.)
1823c.9 + (Clay's book, which seems to make no other reference to ball-playing, was accessed 11/15/2008 via a Google Books search for <life of cassius>.)
Club of Fox Lake, WI v Club of Courtland on 4 June 1859 + (Club is of Fox Lake, WI not IL)
Excelsior Club of Ridgewood + (Club was formed about 7/1/1865)

Riverside Club of Nashua + (Club was organized October 1867, and reorganized March 11, 1868.)

In Apia on 16 October 1917 + (Collins, "Sea-tracks of the Speejacks" (1923) p. 48 has a photo of Americans and Samoans playing baseball in Pago Pago. Pago Pago is in American Samoa.)
Keystone Club of Newark + (Colored - African-American Club, played in 1866, 1867 and 1868)
Arlington Club of New Brunswick + (Colored Club)
Hamilton Club of Newark + (Colored or African-American Club, played matches in 1865 and 1866)
Robert Morris BBC of Philadelphia + (Composed of the members of the Robert Morris Hose Company. This department was founded on March 14, 1831 and was located on Lombard Street above 8th Street.)
1861.47 + (Contents of the 1860 Beadles publ … Contents of the 1860 Beadles publication include:[] a description of the game of rounders[] the 1845 Knickerbocker Rules (14 sections on field rules)[] A listing of 22 clubs formed 1845-1857[] The 1858 establishment of the NABBP[] The NABBP Rules of 1860 (38 sections)[] The 1858 Rules of the Massachusetts Game (21 Sections)[]Rules for the Formation of a ClubThe 1861 edition is reported to include player averages (runs per game)> []Rules for the Formation of a Club The 1861 edition is reported to include player averages (runs per game))
Clipping:A late example of the Massachusetts game + (Copied from another posting)
1778.7 + (Corlear's Hook was a noted ship landing place along the East River. Today there's a Corlears Hook Park on the site.)
Quickstep Club of Paterson v Active Club of Newark on 24 June 1864 + (Correcting score from Daily Register of 6/25)
Oina + (Corrections and addition to this … Corrections and addition to this account are encouraged. If readers know of Romanian speakers willing to help, some central questions include:[] What are the major playing rules?[] Does the game remain widely popular?[] What is know of the origins and history of the sport?lt;/p> [] What is know of the origins and history of the sport?)
1855.21 + (Craig Waff reported that, as far as he could tell, this was the first game in which the size of the assembled crowd was reported.)
1867.9 + (Creation of phantom jobs for ballplayers was a commonplace in baseball's amateur era.)
Pottsville Cricket Club in July 1858 + (Cricket Club in Pottsville 1858-66, and perhaps earlier. A "Ball Club" is mentioned in the same newspaper in 1843, but this might refer to "foot ball" (soccer).)
In Hanover in 1793 + (Cricket said to have been played at Dartmouth in the 1830s. See https://www.dreamcricket.com/articles/history-of-american-cricket/history-of-american-cricket-part-ii--1800-to-1850/)
In Worcester in 1860 + (Cricket said to have been played at Holy Cross College in Worcester prior to the Civil War. See Dream Cricket website.)
1870.6 + (Critics of the game had long insisted that low-scoring games were indicated play of higher quality.)
In GA in 1835 + (Curry attended school in Lincolnton, GA 1833, 1835-37, and the Willingdon Academy in SC in 1834.)
1867.23 + (Custis Lee, General Lee's son, had served on Lee's staff during the war. General Smith was superintendent at VMI. The flags referred to were probably foul-line flags used to mark the foul lines on fields not enclosed.)
1840s.45 + (Cutting is listed as a member of the Class of 1871, and thus probably had little direct knowledge of early campus sports. His impressions to round ball and perhaps wicket may have been relayed informally from older persons on campus.)
1862.50 + (D. P. Hopkins and Benjamin Frankl … D. P. Hopkins and Benjamin Franklin Ezell (1839 MS - 1913 TX) were members of Norris' Frontier Battalion which in March 1862 was stationed at/near Kerrville, TX. The Hopkins diary was published in the San Antonio Express, 1-13-1918. The March 15, 1862 entry (on page 23 of the Express) mentions this game, and mentions that the troops made their own ball out of yarn socks. [ba] made their own ball out of yarn socks. [ba])
1855c.10 + (Damon added: "[[Aipuni]], the Hawaiians called it, or rounders, perhaps because the bat had a larger rounder end.t was a a forerunner of baseball, but the broad, heavy bat was held close to thee ground.")
1820s.22 + (Danforth, born in 1822, became a judge. Williamstown MA is in the NW corner of the commonwealth, and lies about 35 miles E of Albany NY.)
1858.59 + (Dansville NY (2010 population about 4700) is about 40 miles S of Rochester in western NY. Per the Dansville Historical Society, the facility in question was a water cure (hydropathy) center called Our Home on the Hillside.)
In Peekskill in 1845 + (Date is approximate.)
1799.1 + (David Block (BBWKI, page 183; see … David Block (BBWKI, page 183; see also his 19CBB advice, below) notes that Cooke was in correspondence with her cousin Jane Austen in 1798, when both were evidently writing novels containing references to base-ball. Also submitted to Protoball 8/19/06 by Ian Maun.Cooke, like Austen, did seem to believe that readers in the early 1800s might be familiar with base- ball.rs in the early 1800s might be familiar with base- ball.)
BC2400c.1 + (David Block [Baseball Before We Knew It, page 303 (note 1)] writes that Piccione’s identification of seker-hemat with baseball is “apparently speculative in nature.”)
1847.11 + (David Block explains, 2/27/2008: … David Block explains, 2/27/2008: "Clearly, the writer had curling confused with ice hockey, which was itself an embryonic sport that the time." Or maybe he confused it with ice-hurling, which actually employs a ball. From Richard Hershberger, 12/8/09: "What makes this so interesting is that the response speaks of "bass ball" played on ice. This is a decade before such games were commonly reported, suggesting that the [later] practice by organized clubs was borrowed from older, informal play on ice."ubs was borrowed from older, informal play on ice.")
Pize Ball + (David Block in Pastime Lost posit … David Block in Pastime Lost posits that "pize-ball" and "tut-ball" were regional names for English baseball. I would toss in that "pize-ball" may well be a rounded-down form of dialectical "pizin-ball" i.e. poison-ball, which calls to mind the French la balle empoisonnee or Poison Ball: a very similar game where, again, the ball was swatted with the hand. --W C HicklinFrom Gomme, p. 45:"Pize BallSides are picked ; as, for example, six on one side and six on the other, and three or four marks or tuts are fixed in a field. Six go out to field, as in cricket, and one of thesethrows the ball to one of those who remain "at home," and the one "at home" strikes or pizes it with his hand. After pizing it he runs to one of the " tuts," but if before he can get to the " tut " he is struck with the ball by one of those in the field, he is said to be bumt^ or out. In that case the other side go out to field — ^Addy*s Sheffield Glossary. See " Rounders." that case the other side go out to field — ^Addy*s Sheffield Glossary. See " Rounders.")
1844.14 + (David Block observes: "David Block observes: "<span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif'; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">the sentence describing the boy's skill at taking evasive action when threatened by soaking seems significant to me. I don't recall ever seeing this skill discussed before, and, although long obsolete, it must have stood as one of the more valuable tools of the base runner in the era of soaking/plugging ." era of soaking/plugging ." )
1856.13 + (David Block reports that these rules are generic, not restricted to one club. This may be the first publication specifically devoted to base ball.)
1830s.13 + (David Block's forthcoming 2019 book may address the rules of English Base-Ball in this period.)
1830c.39 + (David Block, 5/3/2021, on the ide … David Block, 5/3/2021, on the idea that ballplaying clubs were though to be extinct in 1837: "Not quite extinct."Tom Gilbert, 5/4/2021: "We knew -- largely indirectly -- that there were adult bb clubs and a thriving bb scene in NYC in the 1830s and probably earlier, but it is great to see confirmation, and by a contemporary source. This also underlines the importance of Stevens's Elysian Fields in helping to preserve the incipient sport from being snuffed out by rapid urban development, in a sort of incubator.<div>(And the connection between the gymnastics movement and the baseball movement is closer than might appear. We can identify Knickerbocker bbc club members, Excelsiors and others who exercised at NYC and Brooklyn gyms, including I believe Fuller's)."</div><div> </div><div>Stephen Katz, (19CBB posting 5/4/2021) points out that ironically, 1837 is also the year claimed for the establishment of the Gothams. See Wheaton letter at [[1837.1]]</div><div> </div><div> </div> 37.1]]</div> <div> </div> <div> </div> )
1820.1 + (David Block, David Block, Baseball Before We Knew It, page 188, adds that it is unusual among chapbooks as "more space and detail are devoted to "playing ball" than to cricket, which at the time was a more established game." While the text does not explicitly mention or show base-running, David Block thinks of this as an early account of English base ball. this as an early account of English base ball. )
1848.1 + (David also feels that a new rule appeared in the 1848 list that a runner cannot score a run on a force out for the third out. David Block posting to 19CBB, 1/5/2006.)
1661.1 + (David further asks: "could it be that this is the source of the term putting "English" on a ball?")
American Base Ball Club of Brooklyn + (Days of exercise - Mondays and Thursdays Home Grounds - Harlem Cricket Grounds)
In Newtonville in 1823 + (Debate as to the location and exact date, with Bangor, ME the alternative. See 1823C.4, 1820S.12)
Gotham Club of New York + (Despite the conflicting views as to the pedigree of the team, for the time being all players and games from either the 1837 or 1853 incarnations of the Gothams appear on the page of the 1837 team. http://fast.protoball.org/Gothams_Club_of_New_York)
Gothams Club of New York + (Despite the conflicting views as … Despite the conflicting views as to the pedigree of the team, for the time being all players who appeared with either the 1837 or 1853 incarnations of the Gothams, as well as the 1851-1852 Washingtons, appear on this page. The 19thcbaseball website says this club played two games against the Knickerbockers in 1852. No score is given.inst the Knickerbockers in 1852. No score is given.)
Athletic Club of Brooklyn + (Did not play first match until May 25, 1868. Brunson, "Black Baseball" says there was a colored Athletic Club of Brooklyn)
Keystone Club of Jersey City2 + (Different from other (black) club of that name.)
Club of St. Louis + (Do we know how long this club played? )
California Base Ball Variant + (Do we know if this variant persisted in California? What do we know about the Cuban variant, and its fate?)
Richmond Club of Richmond v Spottswood Base Ball Club of Richmond on 23 November 1866 + (Do we know that this high-scoring game followed Association rules?)
1845.33 + (Do we know when this late-season … Do we know when this late-season intramural match was played? (Craig Waff's Games Tab lists Hoboken games on the 7th, 10th, 15th, and 18th of November 1845. The game on the 10th used eight players on a side and ended in at 32-22 score. See:https://protoball.org/Knickerbocker_Base_Ball_Club_of_New_York_v_Knickerbocker_Base_Ball_Club_of_New_York_on_10_November_1845Club_of_New_York_on_10_November_1845)
1784.1 + (Does it sound like hand ball ("fives") may be the troublesome type of play?)
Zephyrs of East Lexington + (Does this imply that the Mass Game was sometimes played with a square bat?)
1781.2 + (Dr. Lewis has written a essay on … Dr. Lewis has written a essay on early ballplaying at Harvard College; see Harry Lewis, "Protoball at Harvard: from Pastime to Contest," Base Ball Journal (Special Origins Issue), Volume 5, number 1 (Spring 2011), pages 41-45.s Issue), Volume 5, number 1 (Spring 2011), pages 41-45.)
1860.51 + (Dunkirk NY is about 45 miles SW of Buffalo on the shore of Lake Erie. Jamestown NY is about 60 miles S of Buffalo.)
1861.34 + (Duplicate of 1861.16?)
1862c.54 + (Duplicate of 1862.27)
1862.27 + (Duplicate of 1862C.54)
1863.95 + (Duplicate of 1863.29)
1811.3 + (Dyde's Hotel was "next door to the Park Theatre, facing the Park." W. Harrison Bayles, "Old Taverns of New York" (NYC, 1915), pp. 396-97. The "Park" referred to is presumably City Hall Park.)
Eutaw Club of Boiling Springs v Eagles Club of Paterson on 10 June 1867 + (Eagle Club won by two runs)
Omaha Trotting Park + (Earlier games of the Omaha BBC were played at 9th and Farnam; the Public Square; the corner of 20th and Cummings. See The Omaha Herald, April 25, July 18, Aug. 16, 1867)
Young Southern Base Ball Club of Nashville v Trix Club of North Nashville on 12 November 1868 + (Earlier in the year, the Trix of North Nashville played the Trix of South Nashville for the right to use that name.)
1865.24 + (Earliest comment on need for more than one pitcher on a club. From a 19cbb post by Robert Schaefer, Nov. 9, 2003)
1860.85 + (Early slow-ball pitcher Phonney M … Early slow-ball pitcher Phonney Martin claimed in a retrospective letter to have originated "twist" or drop pitching in 1862; this is apparently an exaggeration, but his description of how it was done using the pitching restrictions of the day is apropos:"This was accomplished by the first two fingers and thumb of the hand holding the ball, and by bending the fingers inward and turning the ball around the first two fingers I acquired the twist that made the ball turn towards me...This conformed to the rules, as the arm was straight in delivering the ball, and the hand did not turn outward." (quoted in Peter Morris, A Game of Inches, 2010, p.97n Peter Morris, A Game of Inches, 2010, p.97)
Ad Astra Club of Atchison + (Eberle, "Baseball Takes Root in Kansas" suggests the Ad Astra was the renamed 1867 club.)
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Mutual Club of New York on 10 October 1864 1 + (Eckford catcher Waddy Beach listed as committing 14 passed balls.)
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Gothams Club of New York on 31 August 1858 + (Eckford pitcher Frances Pidgeon hit two homeruns and Eckford shortstop John Grum hit one. (E. Miklich))
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Union Club of Morrisania on 30 July 1863 + (Eckford pitcher Joe Sprague struck out nine Union batters. (E. Miklich))
Mutual Club of New York v Eckford Club of Brooklyn on 13 August 1863 + (Eckford scored 15 runs in their 6th innings.)
Stonewall Base Ball Club of Edgefield + (Edgefield is a neighborhood in the East Nashville area of Nashville, TN.)
1860.11 + (Edgefield is a residential area of Nashville on the east side of the Cumberland River. Now an historic neighborhood.)
1795.6 + (Editor's footnote #73 (1919?): "' … Editor's footnote #73 (1919?): "'Played at ball.' Sevier and son beat their antagonists four games. There were not enough (players?) for town-ball, nor for baseball, evolved from town-ball, and not yet evolved. There were not enough for bullpen. The game was probably cat-ball."Revolutionary War veteran John Sevier was nearly 50 years old in August 1795. He became Tennessee's first governor in the following year. His son John was 29 in 1795. > )
Hat Ball + (Edward Eggleston's 1882 novel "The Hoosier School-Boy" (stories of his growing up in southern Indiana c. 1850--he was born in Vevay, IN in 1837) contain a long explanation of "hat-ball." See chapter VII.)
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Atlantic Club of Brooklyn on 21 July 1862 + (Eight thousand people made an app … Eight thousand people made an appearance for the second match in the Silver Ball series and 1,500 were admitted inside the Union Grounds.As per the New York Sunday Mercury, "The chalk line, for foul balls, was extended beyond the bases into the field, on each side, so that there could be no mistake as regarding foul balls - the umpire and spectators alike having a fair view of the ball when it struck near the line." As per the written rules for the 1862 season, the foul ball lines were to marked on the field from home base to the first and third bases. Foul Ball posts, six to eight feet high, were to be placed on the imaginary foul ball line, 100 feet behind first and third base as per the 1860 rules. These posts generally had a flag or banner with colors representing the home club. ***The foul ball lines were not required to be marked on the playing field until the written rules for the 1861 season. This does not suggest that it was not done earlier. In fact it probably was and as is the case in the development of base ball, this rule was instituted to overcome controversial umpire calls.The Umpire of the Match was Andrew T. Pearsall of the Excelsior Club. He was the regular first baseman for the Excelsior Club of Brooklyn from 1859-1860. He graduating from Columbia’s medical school in 1861 and since the Excelsior Club did not play any matches in 1861, reportedly 91 of their members joined the Union army, Pearsall became a physician in Brooklyn. He disappeared during the winter of 1862, without leaving a forwarding address to friends or his former baseball club. Mr. Pearsall turned up as a Brigade Surgeon on Confederate General John Hunt Morgan’s staff. “While leading Union prisoners through the streets of Richmond, VA, he reportedly recognized one of the prisoners as a former member of the Excelsiors. The two spoke and Pearsall asked about Leggett, Flanley, Creighton and Brainard.” Pearsall’s whereabouts made its way to back to the Excelsior’s and he was immediately and unanimously expelled from the club./p>)
In Dorchester in 1775 + (Ephraim Tripp was a member of the MA militia. See his Rev War pension application. [ba])
1886.1 + (Erastus Wiman, Owner of the American Association's New York Metropolitan Club commissioned a silver trophy for the championship of the 1887 season of the American Association. )
Club of Evansville + (Evansville had 11,484 residents in 1860 and 21,830 in 1870.)
1860.35 + (Evansville is in southernmost IN, near the Kentucky border.)
Champion Club of Bergen + (Evening Journal - July 1, 1870)
1865.11 + (Fanciful, but containing a reminder that the Atlantic were the champion club of 1864, and apparently forgetful of the Club's matches with the Gotham in 1857 and 1858, which ended with the Gotham's ending of the series.)
1862.14 + (Fast Day in MA was traditionally … Fast Day in MA was traditionally associated with ballplaying. The 22nd MA, organized in Lynnfield MA (about 15 miles N of Boston), was camped at Falmouth VA in April, as was the 13th NY. The 13th was from Rochester and would likely have known the old-fashioned game. PBall file: CW-126.uld likely have known the old-fashioned game. PBall file: CW-126.)
Rough and Ready Club of South Elgin + (Fayville (an abandoned post office) was about where the Blackhawk County Forest Preserve now is located, south of South Elgin.)
1805c.7 + (Fellowes, born in 1791, attended Exeter starting in 1803, and graduated from Bowdoin in 1810. The verse is about the Exeter Academy, and thus the poet is recalling events from c1805. See #[[1741c.1]] for the first of several "urge the ball" usages.)
1865.21 + (Few and far between in prior year … Few and far between in prior years, festivals or tournaments mushroomed in 1865, for example:Portland, ME—at July 4 celebration. Open to all teams in ME, considered for state championship. 4 teams entered, knockout competition. 2 games at a time in the morning, championship game in the afternoon. 9 innings. Cash prizes for 1st and 2nd. Portland Daily Evening Advertiser coverage on July 6 indicated that the only out-of-town team was subject to “expressions of strong sympathy against them.”Altoona, PA- per a reprint in Fitzgerald's City Item (Philadelphia) on 7/22, Altoona Tribune was promoting a baseball carnival—Athletics, Mountain Club of Altoona, and Alleghany Club of PittsburgWash DC- Games on 8/28 between the Nationals and Athletics, 8/29 between the Nationals and the Atlantic of Brooklyn, “a festival such has never before been offered in Washington”. Washington Daily National Intelligencer, 8/28Wash DC- Oct. 9-11 tourney had the Excelsior of Brooklyn, the Nationals, and the Enterprise of Baltimore. Round robin, one game per day. Wilkes Spirit of the Times, 10/21Wilkes Spirit of the Times on Oct. 21 printed a letter from Chicago describing problems encountered at a tourney in Rockford, IL. 5 teams, two days, two games each day. > letter from Chicago describing problems encountered at a tourney in Rockford, IL. 5 teams, two days, two games each day. )
1847.17 + (Finder David Block's comment, 11/2015: "Hard to know what to make of this. Maybe he spied a game that resembled baseball (theque?). And what is gould? I've never heard of it before.")
1810s.5 + (Finder Kyle DeCicco-Carey notes that Croswell was an 1780 Harvard graduate who worked in the college library 1812-1821.)
1856.35 + (Finder Richard Hershberger adds t … Finder Richard Hershberger adds that this account "has a couple interesting features. The New York game by 1856 was well into its early expansion phase, but we see here where it still wasn't really all that widely known, even in Brooklyn. Pearce also cuts through the nonsense about what baseball's, meaning the New York game, immediate ancestor was, and what it was called."There was in the 1880s a widespread collective amnesia about this, opening the way for Just So stories about Old Cat and such. Pearce correctly calls the predecessor game "base ball," just like they had at the time it was played."Note: Pearce was born in 1836, and thus was nine when the Knickerbocker rule replacing plugging/soaking/burning had appeared. Eleven years later, lads in Brooklyn had evidently made the adjustment. n had evidently made the adjustment. )
1867.16 + (Finder Richard Hershberger also n … Finder Richard Hershberger also notes, 6/3/2016:The distinction between baseball as a developed version of rounders and baseball as a development from rounders is subtle, but I think it is important. In the first, baseball/rounders is perceived as a family of closely related games, some more and some less developed. In the second, baseball is a single game defined by an official set of rules, descended but distinct from rounders. The former emphasizes the similarities, the latter the differences. This is a necessary precursor to the later claim that baseball is completely unrelated to rounders. This is a late example of the formula that baseball and rounders are the same game, albeit baseball a more developed form. You can find such statements in the 1850s, but by 1867 the more typical version was that baseball developed from rounders. Here is English commentary on the [1874] American baseball tourists: "Baseball is an American modification, and, of course, an improvement of the old English game of rounders..." New York Sunday Mercury, August 16, 1874, quoting the London Post of August 1, 1874g the London Post of August 1, 1874)
1849.15 + (Finder Richard Hershberger lists … Finder Richard Hershberger lists the following followup comments and questions (his full email is shown below):"There is a lot to digest here. Just a couple of quick thoughts for now:The Knickerbockers couldn't catch a break! I'll have to look up when they first managed to win a game. I don't have ready access to the Knickerbocker score book. What appears there for this day? Is this the first appearance of George Wilkes in connection with baseball? Sadly, the genealogy bank run of the Gazette is missing the June 16 issue. Is there another run out there? You notice how early and how often baseball was characterized as "old fashioned"? I would not take the use here as relating to the rules used. There was a baseball fad in New York in the mid-1840s. It had died out by 1849, with the Knickerbockers the only unambiguously recorded organized survivor. Here we have an informal late survival. died out by 1849, with the Knickerbockers the only unambiguously recorded organized survivor. Here we have an informal late survival. )
1850s.42 + (Finder Tom Altherr asks whether there are other known examples of town ball lacking outfielders. One possibility is that the use of a soft ball and young batsmen combined to make long hits so rare as not needing an outfield.)
White + (First Base)
Eckford Club of Brooklyn v Union Club of Morrisania on 17 September 1856 + (First Eckford match against an organized club. (E. Miklich))
Club of the Tuscarora Indians + (First Indian tribe club?)
First Interracial game + (First Interracial game, played between a White (Haole/Foreigner) and Polynesian (Native/Hawaiian) team, in the then independent nation of Hawaii. See protoball entry. See also 1867 game in Honolulu.)
1865.20 + (First appearance of players' physical information, a staple of newspaper articles for many years.)
47th New York Infantry v 48th New York Infantry on 4 July 1865 + (First baseball game in Raleigh?&l … First baseball game in Raleigh?Both units had a baseball history. The 48th was photoed playing baseball in Fort Pulaski in 1862, the only verified photo of CW soldiers playing baseball. The 47th included among their members Ed Pinkham, who later played professionally.eir members Ed Pinkham, who later played professionally.)
National Club of Washington v Washington Club of Washington on 20 May 1862 + (First game of the 1862 season for the National and first game ever for the Washington.)
Mt. Vernon Club of Alexandria v Old Dominion Club of Alexandria on 4 September 1866 + (First match game ever in the city of Alexandria, VA. Also, first game ever for both the Old Dominion and Mt. Vernon Clubs. )
In Savannah in 1845 + (First mention of base ball in Savannah, GA.)
In Cincinnati in 1856 + (First notice of Town ball in Cincinnati.)
Shangai Base Ball Club of Shanghai + (Fisler's brother was a noted US ballplayer. )
In Keene in 1854 + (Fitzwilliam is southeast of Keene)
1862.6 + (Flagg and Wright reportedly had played avidly at Phillips Exeter Academy. See entry #[[1858c.57]] above.)
Royal Poinciana Hotel Club of Palm Beach + (Flagler had done the same with hi … Flagler had done the same with his Ponce de Leon hotel in St. Augustine. By 1890 a baseball park had been constructed (with A. G. Spalding advising on the construction) and the black hotel employees played a team from the neighboring Alcazar Hotel. See Graham, "Flagler's St. Augustine Hiotels," p. 14.m, "Flagler's St. Augustine Hiotels," p. 14.)
1865.8 + (Florence is recalled as one of th … Florence is recalled as one of the centers of Anti-Slavery activism in those times. The next earliest known instance of integration occurred in 1869 in Oberlin, OH, also a center of Anti-Slavery activism (see Ryczek, When Johnny Came Sliding Home, 1998, page 102). Further instances of early integration might be found in communities that held similar views.Brian notes in 2014 that juvenile clubs were apparently less unlikely to engage in integrated play, even prior to the Civil War. The son of Frederick Douglass, for instance, is known to have played on a white junior club in Rochester NY in 1859. Luther Askin also played on such juvenile teams prior to the Civil War.o played on such juvenile teams prior to the Civil War.)
1470c.1 + (For "stow ball," see Aspin, "Ancient Customs, Sports, and Pastimes of the English" (1832) p. 218.)
1847.21 + (For a concise 2017 overview of th … For a concise 2017 overview of the Knickerbocker club by John Thorn, including its use of Elysian Fields after being 'driven' from the Murray Hill grounds , see https://sabr.org/journal/article/new-yorks-first-base-ball-club/. -first-base-ball-club/. )
DuPage Club of Danby + (For a game with Naperville at Danby, see the Naperville Clarion July 27, 1870.)
Capitol City Club of Madison + (For a general overview of Madison baseball, see Jeff Sackman, "The Capital City Base Ball Club of Madison," online at http://www.jeffsackmann.com/pdfs/Sackmann-Early-Baseball-in-Madison.pdf)
Atlanta Base Ball Club v Gate City BBC of Atlanta on 12 May 1866 + (For a modern article on this game and the clubs, see https://sabr.org/gamesproj/game/may-12-1866-atlantas-first-recorded-game-of-base-ball/)
In Dingwall in 1870 + (For a much more extensive treatment of this game, see https://baseballgb.co.uk/?p=16856)
1744.1 + (For a recent review of the 1744 c … For a recent review of the 1744 cricket rules and their relevance to base ball, see Beth Hise, "How is it, Umpire? The 1744 Laws of Cricket and Their Influence on the Development of Baseball in America," Base Ball (Special Issue on Origins), Volume 5, number 1 (Spring 2011), pages 25-31.Volume 5, number 1 (Spring 2011), pages 25-31.)
Beep Baseball + (For a review of a six-team beep ball tournament in Woburn MA in July 2017, see Supplemental Text, below. It was written by Joanne Hulbert, who runs the Boston SABR Chaptre. )
1855.23 + (For a succinct account of the evo … For a succinct account of the evolution of the 1854 rules, see John Thorn, Baseball in the Garden of Eden (Simon and Schuster, 2011), pages 82-83.One might speculate that someone in the still-small base ball fraternity decided to publicize the young game's official rules, perhaps to attract more players.As of mid-2013, we know of 30 clubs playing base ball in 1855, all in downstate New York and New Jersey. ase ball in 1855, all in downstate New York and New Jersey. )
Mississippi Valley BBC of Vicksburg + (For an excellent blog post on this club, see https://championhilz.wixsite.com/website/single-post/2020/04/14/The-Mississippi-Valley-Baseball-Club?fbclid=IwAR2X4xo4xCykcasYqEq9ivsksnhN4szhUEij7T4UaRAjOvteWV4NHiLGwbY)
In Worcester in 1822 + (For another mention of Round Ball in Worcester, see Chronologies 1850c.46 [ba])
Alleghany v Pittsburgh in Allegheny on 9 October 1857 + (For more details on this non-Knic … For more details on this non-Knickerbocker-rules game, see http://protoball.org/Alleghany_Club_v_Pittsburg_Club_on_9_October_1857undefined---In August 2017, in response to a query from the Baseball HOF, we revisited this unusual find. Bruce Allardice later reported (email of 8/12/2017): "Larry:There were RR connections east. But the traffic was more in riverboats west. ...Bruce"Bruce's general point was that in 1857, Pittsburgh was more regularly connected to Ohio Valley locations than those in the eastern USA.The players were Allegheny: Bolling, Barrand, Stephens, McClellan, Haslett, Lynch, Cutler, Falkner, Miller, Stubbs, Ludwick, Miller, McChesneyFor Pittsburgh: Lesley, Tatland, Parks, Cappy, Anderson, Reece, Elliott, Vierheller, Cochrane, Noble, Vick, Freyvogel and Reece urgh: Lesley, Tatland, Parks, Cappy, Anderson, Reece, Elliott, Vierheller, Cochrane, Noble, Vick, Freyvogel and Reece )
Young America Club of Grafton + (For more on Grafton, MA's baseball history, see http://graftonhistoricalsociety.org/baseball/)
Hornebillets + (For more on Willughby's ca 1672 manuscript, see http://protoball.org/1672c.2 )
1706.2 + (For more on cat-and-dog, see http://protoball.org/Cat-and-Dog.)
Crescent Club of Sycamore + (For more on early Sycamore baseball, see the Sycamore True Republican, Jan. 20, 1906. The old Crescent Club formed an association that year, to keep the memories of the club alive.)
Corinthians Club of Corinne + (For more on early baseball in Cor … For more on early baseball in Corinne, see Gerlach, "The Best in the West? Corinne, Utah's First Baseball Champions" (Utah Historical Quarterly, 1984). He says the club organized in March 1870 and had its first game March 25th against the Pioneer BBC.rst game March 25th against the Pioneer BBC.)
1867.2 + (For more on one early African American club, the Pythian Club, see J. Casway, "Philadelphia's Pythians; The "Colored" Team of 1866-1871," National Pastime, (SABR, 1995), pp. 120-123.)
Pioneer Base Ball Club of Portland + (For more on this club, including a team photo, see https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_Base_Ball_Club_(Oregon))
1856.1 + (For much more on George Wright, see the multi-part profile from John Thorn's Our Game blog in September 2016. The initial segment is at http://ourgame.mlblogs.com/2016/09/20/who-was-george-wright/. )
1841.12 + (For same, see 1841.15)
Baseball on Ice + (For some sketchy reports of ice-b … For some sketchy reports of ice-bound base-running games see Chronology entries. A clippings search for "ice" turns up a few more.[[1844.6]], Novel Cites "the Game of Bass in the Fields" [[1847.11]], Alabama: "Bass Ball," or "Goal," or "Hook-em-Snivy," on the Ice?[[1860.67]], A GAME OF BASE BALL ON THE ICE[[1861.5]]-- 15,000 Watch Ice Base Ball in Brooklyn: Atlantic 37, Charter Oak 26.1867 -- Clipping: Ice Baseball on the East River --------- More from Richard Hershberger, 2/11/2023:<div dir="ltr">"The earliest game on ice that I know of:</div><div dir="ltr"> </div><div dir="ltr">"The Enterprise Base Ball Club of this city [Rahway, N.J.], played a game on the ice, on Milton Lake, on Tuesday–the first of the kind we ever heard of." Porter’s Spirit of the Times December 24, 1859</div><div dir="ltr">Perhaps worth discussing, there was ample precedent in England for playing cricket, and even hockey!, on ice. Baseball on ice was an obvious variant."</div><div dir="ltr"> </div><div dir="ltr">[TO DO 2/13-- Search Ice Cricket!]</div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"> </h1>t;div dir="ltr"> </div> <div dir="ltr">[TO DO 2/13-- Search Ice Cricket!]</div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"> </h1>)
Active Club of Paterson v Quickstep Club of Paterson on 24 August 1864 + (For the Junior Championship of Paterson)
1854.9 + (For the context of the Van Cott l … For the context of the Van Cott letter, see Bill Ryczek, "William Van Cott Writes a Letter to the Sporting Press," Base Ball, Volume 5, number 1 (Spring 2011), pp. 111-113. Bill ponders (page 112) what might have moved Van Cott to distribute his letter to the three newspapers: "Possibly it was to recruit more members for the three clubs, though that was unlikely, since membership was rather exclusive and decidedly homogeneous [ethnically] . . . . Was he trying to encourage the formation of additional clubs, or was he attempting to generate publicity for the existing clubs and members? The Knickerbockers, baseball's pioneer club, had made virtually no attempt to expand the game they had formalized." expand the game they had formalized.")
Clipping:Types of football + (For the evolution of American Foo … For the evolution of American Football, rugby and soccer, see "Evolvements of Early American Foot Ball" by Melvin Smith. For a history of Football as played during the Civil War and before, see Shearman, "Foot-ball: its History for Five Centuries" (1885), which describes the game as sort of a scrum. Winslow Homer has an illustration (see protopix) of soldiers playing football. The game of foot ball was banned in England and Scotland by King Richard II (1389), James II (1458) and Elizabeth I (1571), among others.A search of newspaper.com database 1861-65 reveals no less than 800 mentions in US newspapers of the word football (and variants). Many of these mentions are political, not sporting. [ba]<h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir="ltr"> </h1>. [ba] <h1 class="gb-volume-title" dir="ltr"> </h1>)

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