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List of results

• Daybreak Club of Jackson  + (<p>A 1937 newspaper article claimed that a baseball game was played in Jackson on July 4, 1845. No source for this is given. See Morris, "Baseball Fever," citing the Jackson Citizen Patriot, Sept. 19. 1937</p>)
• Whacks  + (<p>A 2017 web search for <whacks london street game> returns only the Gomme source.</p>)
• Ontario Club of Oswego  + (<p>A BBC is mentioned in the Oswego Palladium, July 29, 1859, along with 2 cricket clubs and a wicket club.</p>)
• White Stockings Club of Sycamore  + (<p>A Blackhawks Club existed in 1872. See Sycamore True Republican, Jan. 20, 1906</p>)
• Chelsea Club of New York  + (<p>A Chelsea Jr. club mentioned in the New York <em>Clipper</em>, July 27, 1867</p>)
• 1st Nine v 2d Nine on 29 November 1873  + (<p>A December 19 challenge notice describes the "FBBClub of Co. H 6th U. S. Cavalry.</p>)
• In Providence in 1828  + (<p>A Dick Hefferline appears on the 1820 census for Providence. The reference is undoubtedly prior to 1828.</p>)
• Grant Base Ball Club of Philadelphia  + (<p>A Grant club is said to have existed in 1865. See Philadelphia City Item, Oct. 7, 1865, Tholkes RIM. See Protoball 19C clippings. Aka U.S. Grant</p>)
• Hancock Club of Boston  + (<p>A Hancock club of Boston played the MA game and was established in 1857. See Lovett, James D’Wolf; Old Boston Boys and the Games They Played; Little, Brown & Company; 1908, cited in Kittel Protoball article on the MA game.</p>)
• Club of Amman  + (<p>A Palestine national baseball/sof … <p>A Palestine national baseball/softball federation was formed in 2017, according to the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WSBC) website, headquartered in Ramallah. The city and area were once part of Jordan. The area is now governed by the Palestinian National Authority.</p> by the Palestinian National Authority.</p>)
• Fox River Base Ball Club of McHenry  + (<p>A Puzzlers BBC was formed in 1876 in McHenry. McHenry <em>Plaindealer</em>, Aug. 30, 1876</p>)
• Marble City Club of Lemont  + (<p>A South Lemon Reapers club was defeated 49-11 by the Lockport Sleepers in 1874. See Will County Courier, Aug. 19, 1874</p>)
• Mt. Vernon Base Ball Club of Morgan Park  + (<p>A bb game was played in "Prospect … <p>A bb game was played in "Prospect Park" on July 4, 1875. See Chicago Tribune, June 27, 1875. Is this the Prospect Park that is now located in Morgan Park? Or a separate community? There was a PP in what is now Clarendon Hills, and another near Bloomingdale.</p>rendon Hills, and another near Bloomingdale.</p>)
• Lowell Club of Boston v Medford on 16 October 1861  + (<p>A brief account of this game, and a photo of the ball used in the game, is in the Boston Globe, Dec. 25, 1910.</p>)
• Olympic Club of St. Louis  + (<p>A club of Washington University students? See St. Louis Post Dispatch, Nov. 17, 1968</p>)
• Pesapallo  + (<p>A diagram of the game can be found at https://sites.psu.edu/ballgamesoftheworld/ball-and-bat-games/</p> <p>Pesapallo was a demonstration sport at the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. [ba]</p>)
• Union grounds, Cincinnati  + (<p>A drawing of the Union grounds is in the Our Game blog, April 8, 2019</p>)
• Playground Ball  + (<p>A full explanation of Playground … <p>A full explanation of Playground Ball can be found in the <em>Pensacola News Journal</em>, May 5, 1908. The game was designed to be playable in limited spaces.  10 players a side. The batter can run to either first or third. 5 inning games. A tally for each time a batter gets on base safely. Each side of the diamond 35 feet long. Pitcher 30 feet away from the batter. Bats are mere sticks no more than 2 inches in diameter. [ba]</p>mere sticks no more than 2 inches in diameter. [ba]</p>)
• Washington Club of Brooklyn  + (<p>A junior club? See list of 1858 Brooklyn junior clubs at Chronologies 1858.47.</p>)
• Massapoag Club of Sharon v Olympic Club of Boston on 29 June 1857  + (<p>A lengthy article on this game is in the Boston Globe, March 27, 1888</p>)
• 1838.12  + (<p>A more detailed newspaper account … <p>A more detailed newspaper account says that Fisher Ames' 12-year-old son, who was playing "ball" with some other boys, threw a ball at Moor, who then attacked the boy. The father rushed over and split Moor's skull with a "club."</p></br><p>Fisher Ames (1800-85) beat the murder rap. The son was probably Charles Ira Ames. [ba]</p></br><p>Bill Humber furnished the following account, from a local doctor: "Hazleton Moore.... was drunk and joined in the game of ball in front of the store. Something Ames said or did provoked him and instead of throwing the ball to him he threw it at him, when Ames rushed towards him and struck him with the club in the head. He ... died the next day. The inquest... resulted in the acquittal of Ames on my evidence, that the blow need not have been fatal had M's skull not been extraordinarily thin."</p></br><p>Another account, from 1890: "It was in 1837 that Hazleton Moore was killed. I was there at the time. Ames was a very passionate man, and his first blow might be excused on that ground, but he struck him twice, the second blow when he was lying insensible on the ground. The Americans.... bribed Moore's wife to say away, and her absence at the trial helped to get Ames off. She acted badly."</p>say away, and her absence at the trial helped to get Ames off. She acted badly."</p>)
• 1862.11  + (<p>A note identifies this section as having been written in 1862, along with one that prohibits shaking carpets on public lands, including streets, lanes, alleys, etc.</p>)
• 1860.20  + (<p>A political cartoon of the day sh … <p>A political cartoon of the day showed Lincoln playing ball with other candidates. It can be viewed at  <a href="http://www.scvbb.org/images/image7/">http://www.scvbb.org/images/image7/</a>. </p></br><p>Thanks to Kyle DeCicco-Carey for the link.</p>t; <p>Thanks to Kyle DeCicco-Carey for the link.</p>)
• 1830s.16  + (<p>A previous Protoball entry, liste … <p>A previous Protoball entry, listed as #1840s.16: "He [Abraham Lincoln in the 1840s] joined with gusto in outdoor sports foot-races, jumping and hopping contests, town ball, wrestling . . . "  <span style="text-decoration: underline;">Source: </span> a limited online version of the 1997 book edited by Douglas L Wilson and Rodney O. Davis, <span><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Herndon's Informant</span>s</span> (U of Illinois Press, 1997 or 1998). Posted to 19CBB on 12/11/2007 by Richard Hershberger. Richard notes that the index to the book promises several other references to Lincoln's ballplaying but [Jan. 2008] reports that the ones he has found are unspecific.. <strong>Note:</strong> can we chase this book down and collect those references?</p></br><p>Earlier versions of this find were submitted by Richard Hershberger (2007) and John Thorn (2004).  </p>tted by Richard Hershberger (2007) and John Thorn (2004).  </p>)
• Rounders - Britain  + (<p>A relatively complete description … <p>A relatively complete description of "roundstakes", or "rounders,"  as played in Eastern Massachusetts in about 1870, is found at [[roundstakes]].  The account is shown in that item's  "Supplemental Text."</p></br><p>--</p></br><p><span style="text-decoration-line: underline;">An aside: Plugging in Rounders?</span> </p></br><p>About baserunning, Gomme (page 145) writes in 1898:  "As soon as (the batter)has struck the ball, he runs from the base to the first boundary stick, then to the second, and so on. His opponents  in the meantime secure the ball and endeavor to hit him with it as he is running."    </p></br><p>Protoball has found scant evidence that rounders included retiring baserunners by hitting them with the thrown ball.  On May 7 2022, however, John Thorn posted this excerpt from <span style="text-decoration-line: underline;">Wickets in the West</span> by R. A. Fitzgerald, published in 1873 and covering the 1872 cricket tour of the US:</p></br><p>"To sum it up, (base ball) is an improvement on our old schoolboys' game of rounders, without, however, the most attractive part to the English schoolboy -- the 'corking'.  We can see still, and we are not sure that we cannot still feel, the quiver of the fat boy's nether parts, as the ball, well-directed, buried  itself in his flesh." </p></br><p>Putting baserunners out via a thrown ball, recalled as "corking" in this English account, has been called "plugging," "soaking," "burning," etc., in America.  In about 1810, Block notes, the French game [[Poisoned  Ball]] used the tactic, and the German [[Giftball]] (Poison ball) seems to have, as well.   </p></br><p>--</p>son ball) seems to have, as well.   </p> <p>--</p>)
• 1859.1  + (<p>A research note by Jim Overmyer o … <p>A research note by Jim Overmyer on why the game occurred in Pittsfield appears as <strong>Supplemental Tex</strong>t  below. </p></br><p>For a stern critique of the student time spent away from studying, see <em>The Congregationalist</em> [Boston], September 2, 1859, cited at https://ourgame.mlblogs.com/amherst-and-williams-play-the-first-intercollegiate-game-of-baseball-1859-b1c0255f6338, posted January 15, 2018. </p>255f6338, posted January 15, 2018. </p>)
• Excelsior Club of Baltimore v Potomac Club of Washington in 1859  + (<p>A search of online newspapers shows no record of any 1859 game.</p>)
• Athlete Jr Base Ball Club of Philadelphia2  + (<p>A separate Jr club from the one organized on June 3, 1866 located in the Twentieth Ward.</p>)
• 1848.10  + (<p>A team size of 12 and three-game match are consistent with some Mass game contests.</p>)
• 21st Century Townball  + (<p>A video of the game is at: </p … <p>A video of the game is at: </p></br><p><a href="http://ds.uhs.csufresno.edu/video/websiteMedia/townball16.mp4">http://ds.uhs.csufresno.edu/video/websiteMedia/townball16.mp4</a>  [loads slowly 9/8/2107]</p></br><p>--</p></br><p>Some particularly interesting variants from baseball include [note that key cricket characteristics are retained]:</p></br><p> </p></br><p>[] No foul balls [and no foul territory]</p></br><p>[] Plugging of runners is allowed</p></br><p>[] Basepath distance progresses  from from 42' to 110'feet sequentially</p></br><p>[] Batters defend a "zone" as cricket batters defend a wicket</p></br><p>[] Optional running except for third strike.</p></br><p>[] No set batting order -- can vary inning to inning</p></br><p> </p>et</p> <p>[] Optional running except for third strike.</p> <p>[] No set batting order -- can vary inning to inning</p> <p> </p>)
• Waggles  + (<p>A web search for "waggles england" in 2017 returns only the 1898 Gomme citation of the game.</p>)
• D. Eagan  + (<p>AKA D. Eagan</p>)
• Hit the Bat  + (<p>AKA Roll-the-Bat, Cherry, Rollabat. Cf. Sullivan, "Roll-the-Bat," <em>Southwest Folklore</em> 4 (1980) pp. 84-86; Cohen, <em>The Games We Played</em> (2001), p. 77</p>)
• Symmes2  + (<p>AKA Symms</p>)
• 1860.45  + (<p>About 20% of the games covered in … <p>About 20% of the games covered in available 1860 newspaper accounts of base ball in Syracuse depict "old-fashioned base ball" as played by a set of five area clubs. The common format for these games was a best-two-of-three match of games played to 25 "tallies" [not runs]. A purse of $25 was not uncommon. Teams exceeded nine players. However, no account laid out the details of the playing rules, or how they differed from those of the National Association. An 1859 article suggested that the game was the same as "Massachusetts "Base Ball," giving the only firm clue as to its rules. </p>ng the only firm clue as to its rules. </p>)
• Barn Ball (House Ball)  + (<p>Abraham Lincoln is said to have played barn ball with enthusiasm in Springfield c. 1858. Nicholas Young remembered playing barn ball in the Mohawk Valley in the 1850s.</p>)
• In St. Louis in 1860  + (<p>According to "Baseball Pioneers" the Morning Star BBC played town ball for several years prior to 1860. </p>)
• Morning Star Club of St. Louis  + (<p>According to Jeff Kittel in "Baseball Pioneers" the Morning Star BBC played town ball for several years prior to 1860. </p>)
• Star Club of Newark2  + (<p>According to Newark Daily Advertiser of 8/21/1866, the players were members of the Young Men's Catholic Association.  This is a different club from the 1861 Star Club of Newark</p>)
• 1781s.4  + (<p>According to Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary, 1913, "lazzarone" referred to "the homeless idlers of Naples who live by chance work or begging." </p>)
• Judge's Spring  + (<p>According to http://nashvillehistory.blogspot.com/2014_05_01_archive.html, Judge's Spring (or McNairy's Spring), was located at approximately 7th Ave. and Jackson St. in Nashville.</p>)
• Brilliant Stars Club of Elizabeth  + (<p>According to the New Brunswick Daily Fredonian of 9/17/1869 - this was a "colored" club</p>)
• 1860.42  + (<p>According to the WSOT article, the Excelsior lineup included Creighton as pitching and third batter, Brainerd at 2B, and Leggett as catcher. Mr. Welling of the Knickerbockers served as umpire.</p>)
• Banana Ball  + (<p>According to this article, "banana ball" debuted in 2021:</p> <p>https://www.baseballamerica.com/stories/introducing-banana-ball-the-savannah-bananas-attempt-to-change-baseball/</p>)
• 1854.13  + (<p>Actually, Mr. Calthrop may have come along about 95 years too late to make that claim: see #[[1760s.1]] above.</p>)
• 1827.2  + (<p>Adams' use of a frame-within-a-fr … <p>Adams' use of a frame-within-a-frame device is interesting to baseball history buffs, but the authenticity of the recollected game is hard to judge in a work of fiction. Mumford's lot was in fact an early Rochester ballplaying venue, and Thurlow Weed (see entry #[[1825c.1]]) wrote of club play in that period. Priscilla Astifan has been looking into Adams' expertise on early Rochester baseball. See #[[1828c.3]] for another reference to Adams' interest in baseball about a decade before the modern game evolved in New York City.</p>re the modern game evolved in New York City.</p>)
• Club of Hamburg, Germany  + (<p>Additional sources for same report, with some detail. The Maine club involved reported as the Gorham Base Ball Club.</p>)
• 1855.16  + (<p>Adelman bases his analysis on the … <p>Adelman bases his analysis on the premise that base ball's predecessor games were played mainly be juveniles.  This premise can be questioned.  Even discounting play by university youths up to 1845, adult play in the military and elsewhere was hardly rare before the Gothams and Knickerbockers formed in New York around 1840, as many entries in this chronology indicate.  </p>dicate.  </p>)
• 1853c.15  + (<p>Adelman does not mention that until 1854 there were few other known clubs for the KBBC to challenge to match games.</p> <p> </p>)
• 1862.9  + (<p>Admission had occasionally also been charged for "benefit" games for charities or to honor prominent players.</p>)

• Pythian Club of Philadelphia v Mutual Club of Washington on 18 June 1871  + (<p>African American Clubs</p>)

• Club of Columbus  + (<p>African American ball club.</p>)
• Club of Madison  + (<p>African American ball clubs.</p>)
• Unique Club of Brooklyn v Excelsior Club of Philadelphia on 3 October 1867  + (<p>African American base ball.</p>)
• Young Americas Club of Manhattan v Golden Stars Club of Manhattan in September 1871  + (<p>African American base ball.</p>)
• Club of Smyrna  + (<p>African American club.</p>)
• Colored Union Club of Williamsburg  + (<p>African American club.</p>)
• Pythian Club of Philadelphia v Mutual Club of Washington on 2 September 1871  + (<p>African American club.</p>)
• In Albany in 1882  + (<p>African American clubs.</p>)
• Unexpected Club of Rochester  + (<p>African-American team. Frederick Douglass' son Charles played for them.</p>)
• Bachelors Club of Albany  + (<p>African-American team</p>)
• Star Club of Los Angeles  + (<p>African-American. First inter-racial game in Los Angeles?</p>)
• 1859.65  + (<p>After the Eckford Club contradict … <p>After the Eckford Club contradicted the <em></em>claim that several  players were resigning and moving to other clubs, the <em>Clipper </em>issued a retraction on December 3: "...we are pleased to learn that it is not correct, for we do not approve of these changes at all." </p>e do not approve of these changes at all." </p>)
• Hamilton Club of Brooklyn  + (<p>Aka Hamilton Club of Bedford?</p>)
• Spencer Club of Boston  + (<p>Aka King Philip BBC?</p>)
• Melpomene Base Ball Club of New Orleans  + (<p>Aka Melpomenia</p>)
• Randall Club of Philadelphia  + (<p>Aka S. J. Randall Club. Named for a politician.</p>)
• Irwin Club of Philadelphia  + (<p>Aka William B. Irwin club. Men of a fire company.</p>)
• In New Bedford in 1868  + (<p>Almost forgotten for 30 years!</p>)
• Softball Cricket  + (<p>Also played on the Isle of Man, the West Indies and the U.S.</p>)
• Manchester Mirror printers v Other Manchester printers on 6 April 1858  + (<p>Also see The Peterborough Transcript, April 14, 1858 [ba]</p>)
• Cassidy  + (<p>Also spelled "Cassady" and "Cassiday."</p>)
• Castrin  + (<p>Also spelled "Castrine"</p>)
• 1811.1  + (<p>Altherr explains that Kingston Academy is British.</p> <p>This book appears to be a reprint of the 1805 London publication above at [[1805.3]].</p>)
• Sunrise Club of Paterson v Amateur Club of Paterson on 4 July 1866  + (<p>Amateur Club was formerly the Empire Club</p>)
• Club of Saltillo  + (<p>American soldiers may have played … <p>American soldiers may have played baseball in Saltillo in 1847. O<span>n January 30, 1847, Adolph Engelmann, an Illinois volunteer, reported: “During the past week we had much horse racing and the drill ground was fairly often in use for ball games.” [cited in Our Game blog]</span></p>ames.” [cited in Our Game blog]</span></p>)
• Excelsior Club of Baltimore  + (<p>An 1866 club called itself the Ex … <p>An 1866 club called itself the Excelsior of West Baltimore. Baltimore <em>American</em>, Aug. 10, 1866.</p></br><p>An Excelsior BBC played the Peabody for the city junior championship in 1867. Baltimore <em>American</em>, July 30, 1867.</p></br><p>The Baltimore Daily Exchange, July 13, 1859, reports that in the past week the Excelsior BBC was formed, with W. D. Shurtz as president.</p></br><p>This club may have been preceded in Baltimore by the "Urche" club. See McKenna, "Baltimore Baseball: The Beginning, 1858- 1872"</p> the "Urche" club. See McKenna, "Baltimore Baseball: The Beginning, 1858- 1872"</p>)
• Wright's Grove  + (<p>An 1868 image fsrom the CHS is in protopix.</p> <p>It was called Timothy Wright's Grove in the 1850s, after the co-owner of the Chicago Tribune.</p>)
• Alamo Plaza  + (<p>An 1869 game was played at the Arsenal Grounds. See San Antonio Express, Oct. 17, 1965</p>)
• Williams Hall  + (<p>An 1888 photo of Williams Hall and College Hall is in the MSU archives. See https://onthebanks.msu.edu/Object/162-565-2041/78-williams-hall-and-college-hall-circa-1888/</p>)
• In New Haven in 1843  + (<p>An Etna Wicket Club of New Haven mentioned in NY Clipper, Nov. 21, 1857</p>)
• Peabody Club of Baltimore  + (<p>An Excelsior BBC played the Peabody for the city junior championship in 1867. Baltimore <em>American</em>, July 30, 1867.</p>)
• Irving Club of Williamsburg  + (<p>An Irving Jr. Club is mentioned in the Brooklyn Daily Eagle, July 16, 1867</p>)
• Ivanhoe Club of Brooklyn  + (<p>An Ivanhoe (jr) Club of Bedford (Brooklyn) is mentioned in the New York <em>Dispatch</em>, July 8, 1866</p>)
• In Indianapolis in 1859  + (<p>An ad for organizing a cricket club in the Indianapolis Star, July 26, 1864</p>)
• Club of Houston  + (<p>An article in PSOT April 27, 1861 says this club was formed on the 4th.</p>)
• Union Club of St. Louis  + (<p>An article on early St. Louis bas … <p>An article on early St. Louis baseball in "The Sporting News" Nov. 2, 1895 says the Union Club defeated the Empire BBC 15-14 in Dec., 1859, hen lost to the Empire 15-14 on New Years Day, 1860. The two clubs played four times 1860-61, the Union winning two 53-15 and 30-17, and losing two 9-21 and 20-24. [ba]</p>d 30-17, and losing two 9-21 and 20-24. [ba]</p>)
• Cyclone Club of St. Louis  + (<p>An article on early St. Louis baseball in "The Sporting News" Nov. 2, 1895 says the Cyclones lost an early game to the Morning Star BBC 21-36.</p>)
• Star Club of Bloomfield  + (<p>An extensive article on the Stars can be found in Samuel Pierson, "Thumbing the Pages of Baseball History in Bloomfield" (1939). They played at "The Green, on a diamond situated just north of Monroe Place." [ba]</p>)
• 1821.7  + (<p>An interesting aspect of this dra … <p>An interesting aspect of this drawing is that there appear to be four defensive players and only two offensive players . . . unless the two seated gentlemen in topcoats have left them on while waiting to bat. One might speculate that the wicketkeepers are permanently on defense and the other pairs alternate between offense and defense when outs are made. Another possibility is that all players rotate after each out, as was later seen in scrub forms of base ball.</p></br><p>Also note the relative lack of open area beyond the wickets.  Perhaps, as in single-wicket cricket, running was permitted only for balls hit forward from the wicket. </p></br><p> </p></br><p> </p>wicket. </p> <p> </p> <p> </p>)
• Hornie-Holes (also Kittie-Cat)  + (<p>An obscure poem reportedly recite … <p>An obscure poem reportedly recited during this game seems to suggest it was played in Scotland.  See Alice Bertha Gomme, <span style="text-decoration: underline;">The Traditional Games of England, Scotland, and Ireland</span> (London, D. Nutt, 1894), page unspecified. </p>t; (London, D. Nutt, 1894), page unspecified. </p>)
• 1858.7  + (<p>An oddity: in a July intramural c … <p>An oddity: in a July intramural contest, batter Bickham claimed 58 runs of his team's 190 total, while the second most productive batsman mate scored 30, and 5 of his 10 teammates scored fewer than 6 runs each. One wonders what rule, or what typo, would lead to that result.</p>le, or what typo, would lead to that result.</p>)
• Aipuni  + (<p>Andrews' 1865 "Dictionary pf the … <p>Andrews' 1865 "Dictionary pf the Hawaiian Language" p. 279 contains the following:</p></br><p>"Ki-ni-ho-lo. s. kini and holo, to run. the name of a particular game of ball, similar to base ball."</p></br><p>Other sources say the more common name for a ball game is kinipopo. [ba]</p>r sources say the more common name for a ball game is kinipopo. [ba]</p>)
• 1851.2  + (<p>Angus Macfarlane's research shows … <p>Angus Macfarlane's research shows that many New Yorkers were in San Francisco in early 1851, and in fact several formed a "Knickerbocker Association."  Furthermore he discovered that several key members of the eastern Knickerbocker Base Ball Club -- including de Witt, Turk, Cartwright,  Wheaton, Ebbetts, and Tucker -- were in town.  "[I]n various manners and at various times they crossed each other's paths."  Angus suggests that they may have been involved in the 1851 games, so it is possible that they were played by Knickerbocker rules . . .  at a time when in New York most games were still intramural affairs within the one or two base ball clubs playing here.</p>>)
• 1851.8  + (<p>Another game in Sacramento was covered in April of 1854. John Thorn suggests that "the above 'game of ball' may be inferred to be baseball (I think)."</p>)
• Soak Ball  + (<p>Anson also mentions: "I longed .... to be playing soak ball, bull pen or two old cat..." during this time (schoolboy days--he was born in 1852 and raised in Marshalltown, IA).</p>)
• Alert Club of Washington v Unique Club of Chicago in September 1871  + (<p>Any indication as to why the second game report for this African American club cites a score for 8 innings?</p>)
• Targette  + (<p>Any new evidence on the nature and extent of targette play?</p>)
• 1855.19  + (<p>Articles published later in the & … <p>Articles published later in the <em>New York Clipper,</em> the <em><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Spirit of the Times</span>,</em> the <em>New-York Daily Times,</em> and the <em>Brooklyn Daily Eagle</em> announced the first appearance in print of 18 new clubs in the Greater NYC region during 1855.</p>> announced the first appearance in print of 18 new clubs in the Greater NYC region during 1855.</p>)
• 1853.7  + (<p>As a way of teaching nature [each … <p>As a way of teaching nature [each chapter introduces several birds, insects, and "wild plants"] this book follows a group of boys and girls of unspecified age [post-pubescent, we guess] through a calendar year. The bass-ball/rounders reference above is one of the few times we run across both terms in a contemporary writing. So, now: Is the author denoting are there two distinct <em>games</em> with different rules, or just two distinct <em>names</em> for the same game?  The syntax here leaves that distinction muddy, as it could be the former answer if the children played bass-ball and rounders separately that [June] day. </p></br><p>Richard's take on the bass-ball/rounders ambiguity: "It is possible that there were two games the party played . . . but the likelier interpretation is that this was one game, with both names given to ensure clarity." David Block [email of 2/27/2008] agrees with Richard. Richard also says "It is possible that as the English dialect moved from "base ball" to "rounders," English society concurrently moved from the game being played primarily played by boys and only sometimes being played by girls. I am not qualified to say."</p>being played by girls. I am not qualified to say."</p>)
• Rockford Club of Rockford  + (<p>As listed in the Box score of the … <p>As listed in the Box score of the Chicago game (Trib, 8-24-70), the Rockford nine consisted of:</p></br><p>Armstrong, Graham, Williams, Winn, Wright, Abraham, Pender, Kingman and Thomas.</p></br><p>Rockford had 83 "colored" residents in 1870, per the census.</p>lt;p>Rockford had 83 "colored" residents in 1870, per the census.</p>)